Radioss

2021

Home
Reference Guide
This manual provides a detailed list of all the input keywords and options available in Radioss.
Starter Input
This manual provides a list of all the model definition keywords and options available in Radioss.
Materials
Elasto-plastic Materials

What's New
Overview
Tutorials
User Guide
Reference Guide
Example Guide
Verification Problems
Frequently Asked Questions
Theory Manual
User Subroutines
Starter Input
Engine Input

Index

2021

Radioss

What's New
View new features for Radioss 2021.
Overview
Radioss^® is a leading explicit finite element solver for crash and impact simulation.
Tutorials
Discover Radioss functionality with interactive tutorials.
User Guide
This manual provides details on the features, functionality, and simulation methods available in Altair Radioss.
Reference Guide
This manual provides a detailed list of all the input keywords and options available in Radioss.
- File Extensions and Formats
  Radioss format 2021 uses the 12x extension format.
- Single File Input
  This format allows running either Starter or Engine with the same file.
- New Keywords in 2021
  New and modified features in Radioss.
- Starter Input
  This manual provides a list of all the model definition keywords and options available in Radioss.
  - 2D and 3D Analysis Options
  - Starter Keywords Syntax
    Block Format Keyword
  - Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)
  - Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
  - General Controls
    Block Format Keyword In this group, keywords are used to set default value, global parameter, analysis type, input/output print, damping and ALE and CFD treatment for the whole model. For default value, it is still possible to overwrite in each specific keywords.
  - Nodes
    Block Format Keyword In Radioss, two node types are available. They use Cartesian coordinate to describe the position of each node.
  - Elements
    Block Format Keyword
  - Component and Parts Organization
    Block Format Keyword In this group, keywords are used to combine material and property information (/PART), assemble model (/SUBSET) or define a separate model (//SUBMODEL).
  - Interfaces
    Block Format Keyword Interfaces solve the contact and impact conditions between two parts of a model. Several interface types are available in Radioss and use different contact treatments.
  - Materials
    - Material Compatibility
      Block Format Keyword The following tables lists the compatibility options for each of the material laws.
    - Elasto-plastic Materials
      - /MAT/LAW2 (PLAS_JOHNS)
        Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model.
      - /MAT/PLAS_ZERIL
        Block Format Keyword This law defines an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Zerilli-Armstrong plasticity model.
      - /MAT/LAW3 (HYDPLA)
        Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model.
      - /MAT/LAW4 (HYD_JCOOK)
        Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model. This model expresses material stress as a function of strain, strain rate and temperature.
      - /MAT/LAW16 (GRAY)
        Block Format Keyword This material law is based on Gray EOS and Johnson-Cook yield criteria.
      - /MAT/LAW22 (DAMA)
        Block Format Keyword This law is identical to Johnson-Cook material (/MAT/LAW2), except that the material undergoes damage if plastic strains reach a user-defined value (). This law can be applied to both shell and solid elements.
      - /MAT/LAW23 (PLAS_DAMA)
        Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic elastic plastic material and combines Johnson-Cook material model with a generalized damage model. The law is applicable only for solid elements.
      - /MAT/LAW27 (PLAS_BRIT)
        Block Format Keyword This law combines an isotropic elasto-plastic Johnson-Cook material model with an orthotropic brittle failure model. Material damage is accounted for prior to failure. Failure and damage occur only in tension. This law is applicable only for shells.
      - /MAT/LAW32 (HILL)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the Hill orthotropic plastic material. It is applicable only to shell elements. This law differs from LAW43 (HILL_TAB) only in the input of yield stress.
      - /MAT/LAW36 (PLAS_TAB)
        Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic elasto-plastic material using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion of the stress-strain curve (for example, stress vs. plastic strain) for different strain rates.
      - /MAT/LAW43 (HILL_TAB)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the Hill orthotropic material and is applicable only to shell elements. This law differs from LAW32 (HILL) only in the input of yield stress (here it is defined by a user function).
      - /MAT/LAW44 (COWPER)
        Block Format Keyword The Cowper-Symonds law models an elasto-plastic material. The basic principle is the same as the standard Johnson-Cook model; the only difference between the two laws lies in the expression for strain rate effect on flow stress.
      - /MAT/LAW48 (ZHAO)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the Zhao material law used to model an elasto-plastic strain rate dependent materials. The law is applicable only for solids and shells.
      - /MAT/LAW49 (STEINB)
        Block Format Keyword This law defines an elastic plastic material with thermal softening.
      - /MAT/LAW52 (GURSON)
        Block Format Keyword This law is based on the Gurson constitutive law, which is used to model visco-elastic-plastic strain rate dependent porous metals.
      - /MAT/LAW53 (TSAI_TAB)
        Block Format Keyword Describes the law that is a uni-directional orthotropic elasto-plastic law and is only used with solid elements.
      - /MAT/LAW57 (BARLAT3)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes plasticity hardening by a user-defined function and can be used only with shell elements.
      - /MAT/LAW60 (PLAS_T3)
        Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic elasto-plastic material using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion of the stress-strain curve (i.e. plastic strain vs. stress) for different strain rates.
      - /MAT/LAW63 (HANSEL)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the trip steel plastic material. This material law can be used only with shell elements.
      - /MAT/LAW64 (UGINE_ALZ)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the Ugine & Alz trip steel material. This material law can be used only with shell elements.
      - /MAT/LAW65 (ELASTOMER)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes nonlinear elastoplastic material with strain rate dependent loading and unloading behavior.
      - /MAT/LAW66
        Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic tension-compression elasto-plastic material law using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion of the stress-strain (plastic strain vs. stress). This law can be defined for compression and tension.
      - /MAT/LAW72 (HILL_MMC)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the anisotropic Hill material with a modified Mohr fracture criteria. This law is available for shell and solid.
      - /MAT/LAW73
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the Thermal Hill orthotropic material and is applicable only to shell elements.
      - /MAT/LAW74
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the Thermal Hill orthotropic 3D material and is applicable only to solid elements. The yield stress may depend on strain rate, or on both strain rate and temperature.
      - /MAT/LAW76 (SAMP)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes a semi-analytical elasto-plastic material using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion for tension, compression and shear (stress as function of strain).
      - /MAT/LAW78
        Block Format Keyword This law is the Yoshida-Uemori model for describing the large-strain cyclic plasticity of metals. The law is based on the framework of two surfaces theory: the yielding surface and the bounding surface.
      - /MAT/LAW79 (JOHN_HOLM)
        Block Format Keyword This material law describes the behavior of brittle materials, such as ceramics and glass. The implementation is the second Johnson-Holmquist model: JH-2.
      - /MAT/LAW80
        Block Format Keyword This law allows modeling the ultra-high strength steel behavior at high temperatures and the phase transformation phenomena from austenite to ferrite, pearlite, bainite and martensite during cooling.
      - /MAT/LAW84
        Block Format Keyword Swift-Voce elastoplastic law with Johnson-Cook strain rate hardening and temperature softening. This law allows modeling a quadratic non-associated flow rule.
      - /MAT/LAW87 (BARLAT2000)
        Block Format Keyword This elasto-plastic law is developed for anisotropic materials, especially aluminum alloys.
      - /MAT/LAW93 (ORTH_HILL) or (CONVERSE)
        Block Format Keyword This law describes the orthotropic elastic behavior material with Hill plasticity and is applicable to shell and solid elements (/BRICK, /TETRA4 and /TETRA10).
      - /MAT/LAW103 (HENSEL-SPITTEL)
        Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elastic-plastic material at high temperature using Hensel-Spittel yield stress formula. The yield stress is a function of strain, strain rate and temperature. This material law can be used with an equation of state /EOS.
      - /MAT/LAW104
        Block Format Keyword An elasto-plastic constitutive law using the 6^th order Drücker model with a mixed Voce and linear hardening. Johnson-Cook strain rate dependency and thermal softening effects due to self-heating can also be modeled. The law is available for isotropic shell and solid elements.
      - /MAT/LAW106 (JCOOK_ALM)
        Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model. This model expresses material stress as a function of strain and temperature.
      - /MAT/PLAS_PREDEF
        Block Format Keyword This material law has predefined elasto-plastic data for some common steel, aluminum, and plastic materials.
    - Hyper and Visco-elastic Materials
    - Composite and Fabric Materials
    - Concrete and Rock Materials
    - Honeycomb Materials
    - Connection Materials
    - Other Materials
    - Multi-Material, Fluid and Explosive Materials
    - ALE and CFD Options
      Block Format Keyword ALE and CFD options used to active ALE formulation or Eulerian formulation for a given material law.
    - Viscosity Option
    - Leakage Option
    - Thermal Option
    - Equation of State
    - Failure Models
  - Properties
    Block Format Keyword
  - Monitored Volumes (Airbags)
    Block Format Keyword Monitored volumes could be used for airbag or tire. The monitored volumes must be inside of closed surface.
  - Constraints
    Block Format Keyword Radioss supports several different kinematic constraints, which are mainly used to impose acceleration, velocity, displacement or temperature in structure or constraint the moving of structure. They are mutually exclusive for each degree-of-freedom (DOF). Two kinematic conditions applied to the same node may be incompatible.
  - Load Cases
    Block Format Keyword In Radioss the following load cases are available. Stress/strain as initial state could be considered by modeling, as well as pressure, gravity, and thermal load.
  - Tools
    Block Format Keyword In this group, tools like transformation, frames, skews, and curve are introduced.
  - Groups(Sets)
    Block Format Keyword Keywords in this group are used to define how to select a group of node, part, elements, lines, or surfaces.
  - Adaptive Meshings
    Block Format Keyword Adaptive Meshing is used in metal forming to divide the element to better describe the geometry. /ADMESH/GLOBAL and /ADMESH/SET are not available for SPMD computation.
  - Output Database
    Block Format Keyword Time histories output for different element groups, section output, or gauge output are described in this group.
  - Obsolete
    Block Format Keyword Keywords that are still supported, but no longer maintained (*) are considered obsolete.
- Engine Input
  This manual provides a list of all the solution definition keywords and options available in Radioss.
- LS-DYNA Input (Beta)
  This manual contains an alphabetical list of LS-DYNA input files available in Radioss.
- Optimization Keywords
  Optimization Keyword This manual contains the description of the keywords for the Radioss optimization. This manual is compatible with the version 2018 of Radioss.
- Multi-Domain
  This manual contains the description of the Keywords for the Radioss Multi-Domain.
- Other Files
- Definitions
Example Guide
This manual presents examples solved using Radioss with regard to common problem types.
Verification Problems
This manual presents solved verification models.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section provides quick responses to typical and frequently asked questions regarding Radioss.
Theory Manual
This manual provides detailed information about the theory used in the Altair Radioss Solver.
User Subroutines
This manual describes the interface between Altair Radioss and a user’s subroutines.
Starter Input
This manual provides a list of all the model definition keywords and options available in Radioss.
Engine Input
This manual provides a list of all the solution definition keywords and options available in Radioss.

View All Altair HyperWorks Help

Radioss

2021

Home
Reference Guide
This manual provides a detailed list of all the input keywords and options available in Radioss.
Starter Input
This manual provides a list of all the model definition keywords and options available in Radioss.
Materials
Elasto-plastic Materials

What's New
Overview
Tutorials
User Guide
Reference Guide
Example Guide
Verification Problems
Frequently Asked Questions
Theory Manual
User Subroutines
Starter Input
Engine Input

Index

Elasto-plastic Materials

/MAT/LAW2 (PLAS_JOHNS)
Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model.
/MAT/PLAS_ZERIL
Block Format Keyword This law defines an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Zerilli-Armstrong plasticity model.
/MAT/LAW3 (HYDPLA)
Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model.
/MAT/LAW4 (HYD_JCOOK)
Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model. This model expresses material stress as a function of strain, strain rate and temperature.
/MAT/LAW16 (GRAY)
Block Format Keyword This material law is based on Gray EOS and Johnson-Cook yield criteria.
/MAT/LAW22 (DAMA)
Block Format Keyword This law is identical to Johnson-Cook material (/MAT/LAW2), except that the material undergoes damage if plastic strains reach a user-defined value ( $ε_{d a m}$ ). This law can be applied to both shell and solid elements.
/MAT/LAW23 (PLAS_DAMA)
Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic elastic plastic material and combines Johnson-Cook material model with a generalized damage model. The law is applicable only for solid elements.
/MAT/LAW27 (PLAS_BRIT)
Block Format Keyword This law combines an isotropic elasto-plastic Johnson-Cook material model with an orthotropic brittle failure model. Material damage is accounted for prior to failure. Failure and damage occur only in tension. This law is applicable only for shells.
/MAT/LAW32 (HILL)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the Hill orthotropic plastic material. It is applicable only to shell elements. This law differs from LAW43 (HILL_TAB) only in the input of yield stress.
/MAT/LAW36 (PLAS_TAB)
Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic elasto-plastic material using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion of the stress-strain curve (for example, stress vs. plastic strain) for different strain rates.
/MAT/LAW43 (HILL_TAB)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the Hill orthotropic material and is applicable only to shell elements. This law differs from LAW32 (HILL) only in the input of yield stress (here it is defined by a user function).
/MAT/LAW44 (COWPER)
Block Format Keyword The Cowper-Symonds law models an elasto-plastic material. The basic principle is the same as the standard Johnson-Cook model; the only difference between the two laws lies in the expression for strain rate effect on flow stress.
/MAT/LAW48 (ZHAO)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the Zhao material law used to model an elasto-plastic strain rate dependent materials. The law is applicable only for solids and shells.
/MAT/LAW49 (STEINB)
Block Format Keyword This law defines an elastic plastic material with thermal softening.
/MAT/LAW52 (GURSON)
Block Format Keyword This law is based on the Gurson constitutive law, which is used to model visco-elastic-plastic strain rate dependent porous metals.
/MAT/LAW53 (TSAI_TAB)
Block Format Keyword Describes the law that is a uni-directional orthotropic elasto-plastic law and is only used with solid elements.
/MAT/LAW57 (BARLAT3)
Block Format Keyword This law describes plasticity hardening by a user-defined function and can be used only with shell elements.
/MAT/LAW60 (PLAS_T3)
Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic elasto-plastic material using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion of the stress-strain curve (i.e. plastic strain vs. stress) for different strain rates.
/MAT/LAW63 (HANSEL)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the trip steel plastic material. This material law can be used only with shell elements.
/MAT/LAW64 (UGINE_ALZ)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the Ugine & Alz trip steel material. This material law can be used only with shell elements.
/MAT/LAW65 (ELASTOMER)
Block Format Keyword This law describes nonlinear elastoplastic material with strain rate dependent loading and unloading behavior.
/MAT/LAW66
Block Format Keyword This law models an isotropic tension-compression elasto-plastic material law using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion of the stress-strain (plastic strain vs. stress). This law can be defined for compression and tension.
/MAT/LAW72 (HILL_MMC)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the anisotropic Hill material with a modified Mohr fracture criteria. This law is available for shell and solid.
/MAT/LAW73
Block Format Keyword This law describes the Thermal Hill orthotropic material and is applicable only to shell elements.
/MAT/LAW74
Block Format Keyword This law describes the Thermal Hill orthotropic 3D material and is applicable only to solid elements. The yield stress may depend on strain rate, or on both strain rate and temperature.
/MAT/LAW76 (SAMP)
Block Format Keyword This law describes a semi-analytical elasto-plastic material using user-defined functions for the work-hardening portion for tension, compression and shear (stress as function of strain).
/MAT/LAW78
Block Format Keyword This law is the Yoshida-Uemori model for describing the large-strain cyclic plasticity of metals. The law is based on the framework of two surfaces theory: the yielding surface and the bounding surface.
/MAT/LAW79 (JOHN_HOLM)
Block Format Keyword This material law describes the behavior of brittle materials, such as ceramics and glass. The implementation is the second Johnson-Holmquist model: JH-2.
/MAT/LAW80
Block Format Keyword This law allows modeling the ultra-high strength steel behavior at high temperatures and the phase transformation phenomena from austenite to ferrite, pearlite, bainite and martensite during cooling.
/MAT/LAW84
Block Format Keyword Swift-Voce elastoplastic law with Johnson-Cook strain rate hardening and temperature softening. This law allows modeling a quadratic non-associated flow rule.
/MAT/LAW87 (BARLAT2000)
Block Format Keyword This elasto-plastic law is developed for anisotropic materials, especially aluminum alloys.
/MAT/LAW93 (ORTH_HILL) or (CONVERSE)
Block Format Keyword This law describes the orthotropic elastic behavior material with Hill plasticity and is applicable to shell and solid elements (/BRICK, /TETRA4 and /TETRA10).
/MAT/LAW103 (HENSEL-SPITTEL)
Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elastic-plastic material at high temperature using Hensel-Spittel yield stress formula. The yield stress is a function of strain, strain rate and temperature. This material law can be used with an equation of state /EOS.
/MAT/LAW104
Block Format Keyword An elasto-plastic constitutive law using the 6^th order Drücker model with a mixed Voce and linear hardening. Johnson-Cook strain rate dependency and thermal softening effects due to self-heating can also be modeled. The law is available for isotropic shell and solid elements.
/MAT/LAW106 (JCOOK_ALM)
Block Format Keyword This law represents an isotropic elasto-plastic material using the Johnson-Cook material model. This model expresses material stress as a function of strain and temperature.
/MAT/PLAS_PREDEF
Block Format Keyword This material law has predefined elasto-plastic data for some common steel, aluminum, and plastic materials.

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