The Crash application offers a tailored environment in HyperWorks that efficiently steers the Crash CAE specialist in CAE model building, starting from CAD geometry and finishing with
a runnable solver deck in Radioss, LS-DYNA and PAM-CRASH 2G.
HyperWorks offers high quality tools for CFD applications enabling the engineer to perform modeling, optimization and post-processing
tasks efficiently.
The Drop Test Manager is an automated solution that allows you to either simulate a single drop test or a choice of
multiple iterations with the aim of finding the sensitivity of process variables like initial orientation and drop
height in a typical drop test by controlling the run parameters and conditions with ease.
Browsers supply a great deal of view-related functionality in Engineering Solutions by listing the parts of a model in a tabular and/or tree-based format, and providing controls inside the table
that allow you to alter the display of model parts.
Use the Accels (accelerations) panel to create and update concentrated accelerations by applying a load, representing
accelerations, nodes, components, sets, surfaces, points, or lines.
Use the Acoustic Cavity Mesh panel to create a fluid volume mesh for the open-air volumes of an enclosed compartment,
such as the passenger compartment of a vehicle. Structural components such as seats are modeled as separate acoustic
volumes. Once generated, this mesh can be used in noise/vibration testing.
Use the Assemblies panel to create and modify assemblies, which are collections of component and multibody collectors
or other assemblies. This method of grouping component and multibody collectors is useful because once an assembly
is created, it is possible to display components or multibodies by assembly, or to select entities by assembly rather
than by component.
Use the Autocleanup panel to perform automatic geometry cleanup and prepare your model for meshing based on the parameters
set in the BatchMesher criteria file.
Use the CFD Tetramesh panel to generate hybrid grids, containing hexa/penta/tetra elements in the boundary layer and
tetra elements in the core or fare field.
Use the Composites panel to assign and review the element material orientation of a mesh of shell and continuum shell
elements, or to review the fiber direction (ply angle) of individual composite layers.
Use the Constraints panel to place constraints or enforced displacements on a model. This is accomplished by assigning
a degree of freedom (DOF) constraint to the node.
Use the Delete panel to delete data from a model database, preview and delete empty collectors, and preview and delete
unused property collectors, material collectors, or curves. You can also delete an entire model database, if you wish
to start with a clean database.
Use the Dependency panel to find nodes that have their degrees of freedom removed by a constraint or MPC (multiple
point constraint) more than once. By identifying and correcting such dependencies prior to solving, solution errors
can be avoided.
Use the Detach panel to detach elements from the surrounding structure. You can detach elements from a portion of
your model so that it can be translated or moved, or you can offset the new nodes by a specified value. You can also
use this panel to detach and remove elements from your model.
Use the Discrete dvs panel to define a discrete design variable value table for use in size or shape optimization,
which maybe be referenced in the ddval = field on the Size, Gauge or Shape panels..
Use the Drag panel to create a surface and/or mesh by dragging a series of nodes or lines, or to create elements by
dragging selected elements. The selected entities are dragged along the specified vector creating a mesh, surface,
or elements along that vector.
Use the Dummy Positioning / Joint dof panel to rotate the dummy assemblies or specify the position of the H-Point
of a dummy assembly. The dummy database must be organized as a tree structure.
Use the Edge Edit panel to alter the connectivity status (topology) of adjacent surface edges, and stitch or split
surfaces, replace fillets with corners, and suppress or eliminate redundant edges.
Use the Edges panel to find the free edges in a group of shell elements, find "T" connections in a group of shell
elements (any edges connected to three or more elements), display duplicate nodes, and equivalence duplicate nodes.
Use the Element Cleanup panel to perform automatic cleanup of 2D elements based on the element quality criteria from
the Quality Index panel or a separate criteria file.
Use the Faces panel to find the free faces in a group of elements, and operates in the same manner as edges, but in
3D. It also allows you to find and delete duplicate nodes.
The fatigue configuration file is a user-defined external ASCII-file through which the data groups from results of static/modal/transient analysis of different solvers can be read.
Use the Fatigue panel to write stress, strain, force, and moment results from finite element analysis to an external
file that can then be used to set up fatigue analysis.
Use the FE joints panel to create, review, or update joint elements. A joint element is a definition of a connection
between two rigid bodies. Joint elements store a property and orientation information.
Use the Flux panel to apply concentrated fluxes to your model. This is accomplished by applying a load, representing
fluxes, to element nodes. Fluxes are load config 6 and are displayed as a thick arrow labeled with the word "flux."
Use the Gauge panel to create design variables (DESVAR) and property relation (DVPREL1) cards for shell and composite
laminate components (PSHELL, PCOMP, and PCOMPG) selected for size optimization.
Use the Global panel to control global parameters that are accessed by several different panels. These parameters
remain constant until changed. It also controls which components or collectors are active. Any entities you create
are stored in the active collectors. Finally, you can use this panel to specify which template file you want to use.
(Template files must first be created.)
Use the Integrate panel to obtain the area under a curve. The area under the curve that has been integrated is shaded
and the total area, based on the calculation, is given.
Use the Interfaces panel to create and modify interfaces. Interfaces are mainly used to define contact interactions
between various parts of the model.
Legends display the range of values for the plot. Use the Legend Edit panel to change the number of colors in the
legend or the colors of the legend. You can also reverse the colors used in the legend.
Use the Legend (xy legend) panel to edit the legend associated with an xy plot, for example you can change the font
size or the location of the legend.
Use the Line Drag panel to create a two- or three-dimensional surface and/or mesh or elements by dragging nodes, lines,
or elements along another line.
Use the Load on Geom panel to map loads or boundary conditions from geometrical entities (loads on geometry) to the
associated FE mesh entities (loads on mesh).
Use the MBS joints panel to define kinematic joints between two local coordinate systems to connect two multibody
collectors. The Engineering Solutions entity created is an mbjoint.
Use the Mesh Edit panel to extend a mesh to meet another mesh and form a good connection between them, or to imprint
overlapping meshes so that they match one another.
Use the Midmesh Panel to automatically generate a mesh at the midplane location, directly from the input geometry
(components, elements, solids or surfaces), without first creating a midsurface.
Use the Midsurface panel to extract the midsurface representation of a solid part or to generate a finite element
shell representation of a solid geometry.
Use the Node Edit panel to associate nodes to a point, line, or surface/solid face; move nodes along a surface; place
a node at a point on a surface; remap a list of nodes to a line; or project nodes to an imaginary line passing through
two nodes.
Use the Normals panel to display and reverse the normals of elements or surfaces. The orientation of element normals
can also be adjusted. The normal of an element is determined by following the order of nodes of the element using
the right-hand rule.
Use the Ossmooth panel to extract and import the final design geometry from OptiStruct's topology, topography and shape optimization results into Engineering Solutions.
Use the Penetration panel to check for penetrations and/or intersections of elements. After running the check, you
can use additional tools to check the penetration depth and move nodes in order to fix the problem areas; both penetrations
and intersections can be fixed.
Use the Preserve Node panel to review free, temporary, and preserved nodes, convert free and temporary nodes into
preserved nodes, convert free and temporary nodes into preserved nodes, and remove preserved nodes.
Use the Pressures panel to create pressure loads on elements by applying a load, representing pressures, to a 1D or
2D element, or to the face of a solid element.
Use the Quick Edit panel to split surfaces and washers, change the category (shared, free, and so on) of edges, create
or delete surfaces and points, project points, and trim fillets.
Use the Smooth panel to improve element quality in a surface-based mesh or a mesh of solid elements using one or more
algorithms that adjust node positions to moderate sharp variations in size or quality in adjacent elements.
Use the Spherical Clipping panel to focus on specific areas of the model by displaying only the portions of a model
inside a three-dimensional spherical volume, while masking everything outside the sphere.
Use the Spin panel to create a surface and/or mesh or elements by spinning a series of nodes, a line or lines, or
a group of elements about a vector to create a circular structure.
Use the Spline panel to create a shell mesh and/or surface. A mesh and surface can be created using nodes, points,
or lines. You can also use the Spline panel to create a mesh without a surface, or a surface without a mesh.
Use the Split panel to split plates or solid elements. In addition, hexa elements can also be split using a technique
that moves progressively through a row of elements in the model.
Use the Surface Edit panel to perform a variety of surface editing, trimming, and creation functions. This panel also
allows you to offset surfaces in their normal direction.
Use the Systems panel to create rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. Use this function when
you want to define nodes, loads and constraints in a different coordinate system.
Use the Tags panel to assign names to nodes, elements, lines, surfaces, points, and solids. An entity name is then
used to reference the entity across multiple versions of the same model.
Perform automatic checks on CAD models, and identify potential issues with geometry that may slow down the meshing
process using the Verification and Comparison tools.
Use the Temperatures panel to create temperature constraints.
Location: Analysis page
Temperatures constraints are created by applying a load that represents temperatures to nodes,
components surfaces, sets, points, or lines.
Temperatures are load config 5 and are displayed as a vertical line with the letter T at the top.
Create Subpanel
Option
Action
entity
selector
Select entities to
which temperatures will be applied.
In any case, the forces
are applied to nodes; this selection simply determines how
those nodes are selected. Geometric points select the nodes
at which they exist. Comps select all of the nodes contained
within the chosen component.
When nodes is selected,
use the switch to change the selection mode.
nodes
Select individual nodes.
faces
Select all of the nodes on 2D and 3D faces. If there are discontinuities
on a 2D face, then only the nodes inbetween the discontinuities will be
selected.
2D faces ext
Select all of the nodes on a 2D face that contain discontinuities.
loops
Select all of the nodes on continuous free edges that make a closed loop
simultaneously, such as the perimeter of a hole.
Important: Only valid for SHELL elements.
free edges
Select all of the nodes on free edges of elements. If there are
discontinuities on an edge, then only the nodes on the free edges
inbetween the discontinuities will be selected.
Important: Only valid for SHELL elements.
free edges ext
Select all of the nodes on free edges of elements that contain
discontinuities.
Important: Only valid for SHELL
elements.
edges
Select all of the nodes on free edges or shared edges (butt joints,
L/corner joints, and T-joints) of elements. If there are discontinuities
on an edge, then only the nodes on the edge inbetween the
discontinuities will be selected.
Important: Only valid for
SHELL elements.
edges ext
Select all of the nodes on free edges or shared edges (butt joints,
L/corner joints, and T-joints) of elements that contain
discontinuities.
Important: Only valid for SHELL
elements.
value =
constant value
The value of the load magnitude.
constant components
Specify the direction and magnitude of the load by entering the X, Y,
and Z values of the components.
curve, vector
When working with loads that are time-dependent,
specify the time history of the load using a vector
entity. When using this option, you may choose to
apply the load normal to the elements, or use the
plane and vector selector to specify a direction.
Use the curve selector to select the curve
representing the load time history. This curve must
already exist in the model. The optional scale
factor field allows you to scale the X vector of the
curve. Curves can be viewed and modified from within
the XY Plots module.
curve, components
Specify the X, Y, and Z components to define the direction and
magnitude, for example, (2,2,2) will be twice the magnitude of (1,1,1).
Next, double-click curve to select an existing
curve. Last, specify a factor for the curve’s xscale to use the same
curve for many different cases, but vary the scale of its intensity or
time to match the needs of your current load.
equation
Specify the loading equation1. Use the plane and
vector selector to specify a direction, then select
the coordinate system to which the vector
corresponds.
linear interpolation
Interpolate loads from a saved file or existing loads.
Note: Only
available for shell elements.
Each row of the input file contains the x,y,z coordinates of the load
followed by its three components. The data can be separated by a space
or tab.
You can then select the desired nodes to which you wish to add loads,
and pick 3 or more existing loads that enclose those nodes. When you
interpolate, a linear function is used to create additional loads on the
selected nodes, with magnitudes based on the magnitudes of the loads
that you had selected.
In the search radius field, specify the search
distance to find the loads which are within that distance from a
centroid or node on which a load is being interpolated. The nearest 3
loads located within that distance are used to create the load at the
centroid or node by linear interpolation. Linear interpolation uses a
triangulation method, so if it finds fewer than 3 loads within that
distance no interpolation takes place. While reading the initial loads
from a file, if linear interpolation is not possible because the search
radius is too small, the original loads are simply applied to the
nearest centroid or node.
Select fill gap to create a load at every
selected element centroid or node irrespective of the size of the search
radius.
field loads
Interpolate and extrapolate loads from existing loads. You can then
select the desired elements to which you wish to add loads, and any
existing loads on which you wish to base additional forces.
When you create, Engineering Solutions uses a Green's function
with the given boundary loads in order to create the loads on all of the
selected nodes. For smoothness, the gradient at the boundary points is
enforced to be zero; this ensures that the extrapolated loads remain
lower than the input loads. For this reason it is recommended to use
representative boundary values as input to be able to capture the peaks
reasonably.
Note: This version differs from linear
interpolation both in the way that the load magnitudes are
determined, and also in the fact that it can be applied to nodes
outside the boundaries of the chosen existing loads.
relative size /
uniform size
By default, loads are displayed relative to the model
size.
relative size=
Display loads in a size relative to the model size (default 100).
uniform size=
Display all loads with the same size.
label loads
Display the load's text labels in modeling window.
load types
Select a load type.
face angle /
individual selection
face angle
Determines which of the selected support entities will have the panel
entity (ex: load, boundary condition, vector, set definition, and so on)
applied.
The face angle value is used to determine which faces will be selected
based on the angle difference between the selected and adjacent face
normals. If the angle between the normals of the faces is less than this
face angle value the face is included. This process is similar for edge
selection, except that the angle between edges is used instead of the
angle between faces.
Important: Only available when the
entity selector is set to nodes, and the selection mode is set to
faces, 2d faces ext, free edges, free edges ext, edges, or edges
ext.
individual selection
Select individual elements on a face or select individual free/shared
edges of elements.
Important: Only available when the entity
selector is set to nodes and the selection mode is set to faces,
free edges, or edges.
edge angle
Split edges that belong to a given face. When the edge
angle is 180 degrees, edges are the continuous boundaries of faces. For smaller
values, these same boundary edges are split wherever the angle between segments
exceeds the specified value. A segment is the edge of a single element.
Important: Only available when the entity selector is set to nodes and the
selection mode is set to free edges, free edges ext, edges, or edges
ext.
Update Subpanel
Option
Action
loads
select the loads to
modify.
value =
constant value
The value of the load magnitude.
constant components
Specify the direction and magnitude of the load by entering the X, Y,
and Z values of the components.
curve, vector
When working with loads that are time-dependent,
specify the time history of the load using a vector
entity. When using this option, you may choose to
apply the load normal to the elements, or use the
plane and vector selector to specify a direction.
Use the curve selector to select the curve
representing the load time history. This curve must
already exist in the model. The optional scale
factor field allows you to scale the X vector of the
curve. Curves can be viewed and modified from within
the XY Plots module.
curve, components
Specify the X, Y, and Z components to define the direction and
magnitude, for example, (2,2,2) will be twice the magnitude of (1,1,1).
Next, double-click curve to select an existing
curve. Last, specify a factor for the curve’s xscale to use the same
curve for many different cases, but vary the scale of its intensity or
time to match the needs of your current load.
equation
Specify the loading equation1. Use the plane and
vector selector to specify a direction, then select
the coordinate system to which the vector
corresponds.
linear interpolation
Interpolate loads from a saved file or existing loads.
Note: Only
available for shell elements.
Each row of the input file contains the x,y,z coordinates of the load
followed by its three components. The data can be separated by a space
or tab.
You can then select the desired nodes to which you wish to add loads,
and pick 3 or more existing loads that enclose those nodes. When you
interpolate, a linear function is used to create additional loads on the
selected nodes, with magnitudes based on the magnitudes of the loads
that you had selected.
In the search radius field, specify the search
distance to find the loads which are within that distance from a
centroid or node on which a load is being interpolated. The nearest 3
loads located within that distance are used to create the load at the
centroid or node by linear interpolation. Linear interpolation uses a
triangulation method, so if it finds fewer than 3 loads within that
distance no interpolation takes place. While reading the initial loads
from a file, if linear interpolation is not possible because the search
radius is too small, the original loads are simply applied to the
nearest centroid or node.
Select fill gap to create a load at every
selected element centroid or node irrespective of the size of the search
radius.
field loads
Interpolate and extrapolate loads from existing loads. You can then
select the desired elements to which you wish to add loads, and any
existing loads on which you wish to base additional forces.
When you create, Engineering Solutions uses a Green's function
with the given boundary loads in order to create the loads on all of the
selected nodes. For smoothness, the gradient at the boundary points is
enforced to be zero; this ensures that the extrapolated loads remain
lower than the input loads. For this reason it is recommended to use
representative boundary values as input to be able to capture the peaks
reasonably.
Note: This version differs from linear
interpolation both in the way that the load magnitudes are
determined, and also in the fact that it can be applied to nodes
outside the boundaries of the chosen existing loads.
relative size /
uniform size
By default, loads are displayed relative to the model
size.
relative size=
Display loads in a size relative to the model size (default 100).
uniform size=
Display all loads with the same size.
label loads
Display the load's text labels in modeling window.
load types
Select a load type.
Command Buttons
Button
Action
create
Create the new
load.
create/edit
Create the new load
and open its property card in edit mode.
reject
Revert the most recent
load creation.
review
Click
review, then select the temperatures
to review on your model.
After you select each temperature,
the value of the temperature is displayed.
update
Change the selected
load(s) to use the currently-specified characteristics.
Equations allow you to create force, moment, pressure,
temperature or flux loads on your model where the magnitude of the load is a
function of the coordinates of the entity to which it is applied. An example of such
a load might be an applied temperature whose intensity dissipates as a function of
distance from the application point, or a pressure on a container walls due to the
level of a fluid inside.
Functions must be of the form magnitude= f(x,y,z). The only
variables allowed are x, y and z, (lower case) which are substituted with the
coordinate values of the entity to which the load is applied. In the case of grid
point loads (force, moment or temperature) the grid point coordinates are used. For
elemental loads (pressure or flux) the element centroid coordinates are used. In the
event that a cylindrical or spherical coordinate system is used, x, y and z are
still used to reference the corresponding direction. Standard mathematical operators
and functions can be used; however, any functions requiring external data will not
be valid.
Note: If your equation contains a syntax error, no warning message will be
displayed, but any loads created will have a zero magnitude.