/PROP/TYPE51

Block Format Keyword This property set is used to define the sandwich shell property set using the stack and ply approach. Multiple integration points can be defined through the thickness for each ply.

Description

Two possible input:
  • All elements may have different number of plies by associating a group of elements to the ply in a way similar to OptiStruct.
  • The layout is described by a sequence of substacks ("SUB"), which are comprised of several plies. The interface between substacks is defined with INT option line.

The input can be either "substack" or by ply, but not both.

Format

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
/PROP/TYPE51/prop_ID/unit_ID
prop_title
Ishell Ismstr Ish3n Idril P_thickfail Z0    
hm hf hr dm dn
  Istrain Ashear   Iint   Ithick Fexp
VX VY VZ Skew_ID Iorth Ipos  
By ply (Each ply per two lines, see example)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
Pply_IDi ϕ i Zi P_thickfail F_weighti  
Blank
Or by substack (Each substack per four lines, see example)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
Sub Nsub Sub-plyn              
Substack Name
Pply_IDi ϕ i Zi P_thickfail F_weighti  
Blank
Optional (Each connection between 2 substacks per line):
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
INT Pply_IDt Pply_IDb              

Definitions

Field Contents SI Unit Example
prop_ID Property identifier

(Integer, maximum 10 digits)

 
unit_ID Unit Identifier

(Integer, maximum 10 digits)

 
prop_title Property title

(Character, maximum 100 characters)

 
Ishell Shell element formulation flag. 2
= 0
Use value in /DEF_SHELL.
= 1 Default, if /DEF_SHELL is not defined
Q4, visco-elastic hourglass modes orthogonal to deformation and rigid modes (Belytschko).
= 2
Q4, visco-elastic hourglass without orthogonality (Hallquist).
= 3
Q4, elasto-plastic hourglass with orthogonality.
= 4
Q4 with improved type 1 formulation (orthogonalization for warped elements).
= 12
QBAT shell formulation.
= 24
QEPH shell formulation.

(Integer)

 
Ismstr Shell small strain formulation flag. 3
= 0
Use value in /DEF_SHELL.
= 1
Small strain from time =0 (new formulation compatible with all other formulation flags).
= 2 Default, if /DEF_SHELL is not defined
Full geometric nonlinearities with possible small strain formulation activation in Radioss Engine (option /DT/Eltyp/Keyword3/Iflag).
= 4
Full geometric nonlinearities (in Radioss Engine, option /DT/SHELL/CST has no effect).

(Integer)

 
Ish3n 3 node shell element formulation flag.
= 0
Use value in /DEF_SHELL.
= 1
Standard triangle (C0).
= 2 Default, if /DEF_SHELL is not defined
Standard triangle (C0) with modification for large rotation.
= 30
DKT18
= 31
DKT_S3, which based on DTK12 of BATOZ (refer to Element Library in the Theory Manual).

(Integer)

 
Idril Drilling degree of freedom stiffness flag. 7
= 0
Use value in /DEF_SHELL.
= 1
Yes.
2 Default, if /DEF_SHELL is not defined.
No.

(Integer)

 
P_thickfail Percentage of layer thickness that must fail before the element is deleted. 12 13

0.0 P _ t h i c k f a i l 1.0

(Real)

 
Z0 Distance from the shell element reference plane to the bottom surface of the shell (Real or blank). 8

It should be considered, if Ipos = 2.

Default = 0.0 (Real)

 
hm Shell membrane hourglass coefficient. 4

Default = 0.01

Default = 0.1 for hourglass type 3 (Ishell =3)

(Real)

 
hf Shell out-of-plane hourglass.

Default = 0.01 (Real)

 
hr Shell rotation hourglass coefficient.

Default = 0.01

Default = 0.1 for hourglass type 3 (Ishell =3)

(Real)

 
dm Shell Membrane Damping

Default = 5% for /MAT/LAW25 (COMPSH).

Default = 5% for Ishell=12 (QBAT)

Default = 1.5% for Ishell=24 (QEPH) + Laws 36,43

(Real)

 
dn Shell numerical damping. 5

It only used for Ishell =12 and 24 .

Default =1.5% for Ishell =24 (QEPH)

Default =0.1% for Ishell =12 (QBAT)

Default =0.01% for Ish3n =30 (DKT18)

(Real)

 
Istrain Compute strains for post-processing flag.
= 0
Use value in /DEF_SHELL.
= 1 Default, if /DEF_SHELL is not defined
Yes
= 2
No

(Integer)

 
Ashear Shear factor.

Default is Reissner value: 5/6 (Real)

 
Iint Thickness integration formulation - through layer (ply) thickness. 1
= 0
Set to 1.
= 1 (Default)
Uniform integration scheme (uniformly distribution of the integration points through ply thickness).
= 2
Table 3

(Integer)

 
Ithick Shell resultant stresses calculation flag.
= 0
Use value in /DEF_SHELL.
= 1
Thickness change is taken into account.
= 2 Default, if /DEF_SHELL is not defined
Thickness is constant.

(Integer)

 
Fexp Exponent of the normalization equation used to calculate element suppression criterion. 13

F e x p 1.0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqGqFfpeea0xe9vq=Jb9 vqpeea0xd9q8qiYRWxGi6xij=hbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qiLsFr0=vr 0=vr0db8meaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGgbWaaS baaSqaaiaadwgacaWG4bGaamiCaaqabaGccqGHLjYScaaIXaGaaiOl aiaaicdaaaa@3F32@

Default = 1.0 (Real)

 
VX X component for reference vector. 8

Default = 1.0 (Real)

 
VY Y component for reference vector.

Default = 0.0 (Real)

 
VZ Z component for reference vector.

Default = 0.0 (Real)

 
Skew_ID Skew identifier for reference vector. 8

If the local skew is defined, its X-axis replaces the global vector V. VX, VY, and VZ coordinates are ignored.

Default = 0 (Integer)

 
Iorth Orthotropic system formulation flag for reference vector.
= 0 (Default)
The first axis of orthotropy is maintained at constant angle with respect to the X-axis of an orthonormal co-rotational element coordinate system.
= 1
The first orthotropy direction is constant with respect to a non-orthonormal system of deformed element.
 
Ipos Ply positioning flag for reference vector. 9
= 0 (Default)
Ply positions are automatically calculated with regard to ply thicknesses. The coherence of global thickness with the sum of ply thicknesses is automatically checked.
= 1
All ply positions in the element thickness are user-defined. Multiple plies may have the same special position. Global thickness is not checked in this case, since it needs to not be equal to sum of ply thicknesses.
= 2
The shell element mid-surface is at Z0 from the bottom of the ply layout.
= 3
The top of the ply layout is coincident with the element mid-surface.
= 4
The bottom of the ply layout is coincident with the element mid-surface.

(Integer)

 
Sub =Sub: Indicates the beginning of a substack definition. 10

(must be left justified)

(Integer)

 
Nsub Substack identification number.

(Integer)

 
Sub-plyn Number of plies in substack.

(Integer)

 
Substack Name Name of the substack.

(Maximum 100 characters)

 
Pply_IDi Ply property identifier for layer i .

(Integer)

i = 1, 2, 3 ...200

 
ϕ i Angle for ply i. 8

(Real)

[ deg ]
Zi Z position of ply i (Zi defines the position of the middle of the ply).

Default = 0.0 (Real)

[ m ]
P_thickfail_i Layer failure criterion:

Percentage of layer thickness that must fail before the element is deleted. 12 13

0.0 P _ t h i c k l f a i l _ i 1.0

(Real)

 
F_weighti Relative failure weight factor for layer i. 12 13

Default = 1.0 (Real)

 
INT Indicates the connection between 2 substacks (must be left justified).

(Integer)

 
Pply_IDt Ply identification number of the top ply of the bottom substack. One of ply ID in Pply_IDi or Pply_IDj.

(Integer)

 
Pply_IDb Ply identification number of the bottom ply of the top substack. One of ply ID in Pply_IDi or Pply_IDj.

(Integer)

 

Example (Ply)

There are three plies in this example. Each of the three plies in this example has a different material direction (fiber direction) and a different material (which is defined in each ply with /PROP/TYPE19). Three integration points uniformly distributed throughout each ply.

prop_type51_example
Figure 1.
#RADIOSS STARTER
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/UNIT/2
unit for prop
#              MUNIT               LUNIT               TUNIT
                  kg                  mm                  ms
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE51/2/2
composite combine by ply
#   Ishell    Ismstr     Ish3n    Idrill                                      Z0
        12         0         0         1                                       0
#                 hm                  hf                  hr                  dm                  dn
                   0                   0                   0                  .1                  .1
#            Istrain              Ashear                Iint              Ithick
                   0                   0                   0                   1
#                 VX                  VY                  VZ   skew_ID     Iorth      Ipos
                   1                   0                   1         0         0         0
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        11                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        12                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        13                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/11/2
PROP number 11
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45         0         0         3                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/12/2
PROP number 12
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         2                  .6                   0         0         0         3                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/13/2
PROP number 12
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                 -45         0         0         3                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#enddata
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

Example (Substack)

Substack definition for the ply layout.

prop_type17_example
Figure 2.
#RADIOSS STARTER
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#-  1. LOCAL_UNIT_SYSTEM:
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/UNIT/2
unit for prop
#              MUNIT               LUNIT               TUNIT
                  kg                  mm                  ms
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#-  2. GEOMETRICAL SETS:
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE51/2/2
composite combine by substack
#   Ishell    Ismstr     Ish3n    Idrill         Pthick_fail                  Z0
        12         0         0         1                   0                   0
#                 hm                  hf                  hr                  dm                  dn
                   0                   0                   0                  .1                  .1
#            Istrain               Ashear               Iint              Ithick
                   0                   0                   0                   1
#                 VX                  VY                  VZ   skew_ID     Iorth      Ipos
                   0                   1                   0         0         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#      Sub      Nsub  Sub-plyn
SUB                1         4
Top substack                                                                    
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        11                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        12                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        13                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        14                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#      Sub      Nsub  Sub-plyn
SUB                2         4
Left substack                                                                   
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        21                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        22                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        23                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        24                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#      Sub      Nsub  Sub-plyn
SUB                3         4
Right substack                                                                  
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        31                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        32                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        33                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        34                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#      Sub      Nsub  Sub-plyn
SUB                4         3 
Middle substack                                                                 
# Pply_IDi                PHIi                  Zi       Pthickl_faili           F_weighti
        41                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        42                   0                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
        43                  90                   0                   0                   0
                                                                                                    
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#      Int  Pply_IDt  Pply_IDb
INT               14        21
INT               14        31
INT               43        21
INT               34        41
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/11/2
PROP number 11
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        45         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/12/2
PROP number 12
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        45         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/13/2
PROP number 13
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        45         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/14/2
PROP number 14
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        45         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/21/2
PROP number 21
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        46         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/22/2
PROP number 22
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        46         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/23/2
PROP number 23
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        46         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/24/2
PROP number 24
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        46         0         0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/31/2
PROP number 31
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        47         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/32/2
PROP number 32
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        47         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/33/2
PROP number 33
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        47         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/34/2
PROP number 34
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        47         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/41/2
PROP number 41
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        44         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/42/2
PROP number 42
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        44         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
/PROP/TYPE19/43/2
PROP number 43
# mat_ID_i                   t           delta_phi id_grsh4n id_grsh3n   Npt_ply                 A_i
         1                  .5                  45        44         0         0                   0
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|
#enddata
#---1----|----2----|----3----|----4----|----5----|----6----|----7----|----8----|----9----|---10----|

Comments

  1. The stack property (TYPE51) is used in combination with /PROP/TYPE19 (PLY) (/PROP/TYPE19) to create composites properties through the ply-based definition.
    • Each ply in the stack is defined using Pply_IDi or Pply_IDj and can only be referenced once in the stack. If ply ids are used more than once an error message will output.
    • Each ply of a shell element can contain a different (≥ 1) number of integration points through its ply thickness. i.e. Npt_ply =3 in /PROP/TYPE19 (PLY)
    • Different integration scheme (uniformly distribution or Gauss integration scheme) could be defined with option Iint inside this property.
  2. Ishell, Ish3n – 4-node and 3-node shell formulation flag
    • Ishell =1,2,3,4 (Q4): original 4 nodes Radioss shell with hourglass perturbation stabilization.
    • Ishell =24 (QEPH): formulation with hourglass physical stabilization for general use.
    • Ishell =12 (QBAT): modified BATOZ Q4γ24 shell with four Gauss integration points and reduced integration for in-plane shear. No hourglass control is needed for this shell.
    • Ish3n =30 (DKT18): BATOZ DKT18 thin shell with three Hammer integration points.
    • The hourglass formulation is visco-elastic for Q4 shells.
  3. Ismstr - Small strain formulation
    • Small strain formulation is activated from time t = 0, if Ismstr =1. It may be used for a faster preliminary analysis, but the accuracy of results is not ensured. Any shell for which Δ t < Δ t min MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaeiLdiaads hacqGH8aapcaqGuoGaamiDamaaBaaaleaaciGGTbGaaiyAaiaac6ga aeqaaaaa@3E1E@ can be switched to a small strain formulation by Radioss Engine option /DT/SHELL/CST, except if Ismstr=4.
    • If Ismstr =1, the strains and stresses which are given in material laws are engineering strains and stresses; otherwise they are true strains and stresses.
  4. hm, hf, and hr- Hourglass coefficients
    • hm, hf, and hr are only used for Q4 shells. They must have a value between 0 and 0.05.
    • For Ishell=3, default values of hm and hr are 0.1 with larger values possible.
  5. dn - Shell numerical damping coefficient
    It is only used for Ishell =12 or 24:
    • for Ishell =24 (QEPH),dn is used for hourglass stress calculation.
    • for Ishell =12 (QBAT), dn is used for all stress terms, except transverse shear.
    • for Ish3n =30 (DKT18), dn is only used for membrane.
  6. Ithick - Shell resultant stresses calculation flag
    • If Ithick= 1, the small strain option is automatically deactivated in the corresponding type of element.
  7. Idril - Drilling degree of freedom stiffness flag
    • Drilling DOF stiffness is recommended for implicit solutions especially for Riks method and bending dominated problems.
    • Idril is available for QEPH, QBAT (Ishell =12, 24), and standard triangle (C0) shell elements (Ish3n = 1, 2).
  8. Anisotropy in local coordinate system
    Two different ways to define the anisotropy direction with this property
    Skew_ID=0
    Anisotropic direction defined with global vector V (components defined in Line 6) and angle ϕ i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqy1dy2aaS baaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaaaa@38D8@ (angle in degree) for each ply.
    Skew_ID≠ 0
    Anisotropic direction defined with skew (X-axis in skew replaces the global vector V ) and angle ϕ i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqy1dy2aaS baaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaaaa@38D8@ (angle in degree) for each ply.
    For both ways (with vector V or with skew), Projection of vector V or x-axis of skew)on shell element plane becomes the vector V . Then for each ply, the anisotropic direction (direction 1) is vector V is turned ϕ i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqy1dy2aaS baaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaaaa@38D8@ degrees (turns positive direction coding to shell normal n ).

    prop_type9_v10
    Figure 3.

    α i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqySde2aaS baaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaaaa@38AF@ is the angle between local anisotropic direction 1 and 2 (directions of anisotropy) for each ply which defined in /PROP/TYPE19 (PLY). If α i = 90 ° MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqySde2aaS baaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaOGaeyypa0JaaGyoaiaaicdacqGHWcaSaaa@3D28@ , then ply is in orthotropic.

  9. Ipos - ply position
    • In this property, ply position defined with Zi and option Ipos .
    • Zi values are real ply positions in the local Z axis (negative and positive value are allowed and Zi defines the position of the middle of the each ply).
    • Z0 only used with Ipos=2, it indicated distance from the shell element reference middle surface to the bottom surface of the whole ply or stack. More info see below Ipos=2.
    • Ipos = 0: ply positions are automatically calculated with regard to ply thicknesses.
      • The input thickness “Thick” may be equal to zero as the true shell thickness is always calculated from the ply thicknesses and positions of ply defined by Zi.
      • If the input thickness “Thick” is different from 0.0, a warning will be displayed if the calculated thickness from the plies is different from the input thickness.


        Figure 4.
    • Ipos = 1: All ply positions and thickness in the element are user-defined (with in /PROP/PLY and Zi).
      • Global thickness “Thick” is not checked, as it does not need to be equal to the sum of ply thickness.
      • Multiple plies are allowed to have the same space position.
      • This option is not recommended unless the number of ply is constant for all elements.
    • Ipos = 2: the shell element mid-surface is at Z0 from the bottom of the ply layout.


      Figure 5.
    • Ipos = 3: the top of the ply layout is coincident with the element mid-surface.


      Figure 6.
    • Ipos = 4: the bottom of the ply layout is coincident with the element mid-surface.


      Figure 7.
  10. Define by substack
    • If the substack definition is used, each substack definition begins with the keyword “SUB” and the substack identification number.
    • All the plies until the next keyword “SUB” or the keyword “INT” is encountered belong to the same substack.
    • All substacks must be defined before defining the “INT connections
    • If an element contains plies belonging to several substacks, the connection between the substacks is defined with an INT connection: the ply Pply_IDt of the first substack is connected to the ply Pply_IDb of the second substack.
    • For more detail, refer to above examples for this property.
  11. Material for each ply
    • Material for each ply defined with mat_ID in /PROP/TYPE19 (PLY).
    • Different material laws could be defined for each ply.
    • The material law number given in /PART will be used to define the mass and the sound speed of the composite, as well as the interface stiffness.
    • This property is compatible with XFEM (crack propagation) using /FAIL/JOHNSON and /FAIL/TBUTCHER.
  12. P_thickfail , P_thicklfail_i and F_weighti parameters are not compatible with failure defined within the material law itself, such as plastic failure strain in LAW36.
  13. Element suppression rules used with /FAIL models:
    • A single Gauss point in each layer is deleted when relative thickness of failed integration points is greater than prescribed value P_thicklfail_i for this layer:

      i T h i c k l i P _ t h i c k l f a i l _ i with i = 1 , N i

      Where,
      N i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqGqFfpeea0xe9vq=Jb9 vqpeea0xd9q8qiYRWxGi6xij=hbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qiLsFr0=vr 0=vr0db8meaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGobWaaS baaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaaaa@3955@
      The number of in-thickness integration points in the layer, defined in corresponding PLY property.
      T h i c k l i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqGqFfpeea0xe9vq=Jb9 vqpeea0xd9q8qiYRWxGi6xij=hbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qiLsFr0=vr 0=vr0db8meaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGubGaam iAaiaadMgacaWGJbGaam4AaiaadYgadaWgaaWcbaGaamyAaaqabaaa aa@3DFF@
      The ratio of thickness of integration point vs layer thickness.
    • Each single layer is turned OFF when all in-plane Gauss integration points in the layer are deleted.
    • The shell element is deleted when the following criterion is met:

      [ i ( T h i c k i F _ w e i g h t i ) F e x p ] 1 F e x p P _ t h i c k f a i l with i = 1 , N i

      Where,
      T h i c k i MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqGqFfpeea0xe9vq=Jb9 vqpeea0xd9q8qiYRWxGi6xij=hbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qiLsFr0=vr 0=vr0db8meaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGubGaam iAaiaadMgacaWGJbGaam4AamaaBaaaleaacaWGPbaabeaaaaa@3D0E@
      Relative thickness of failed layer i over total element thickness.
    • By default, the element failure parameters defined in the property are used and local Ifail_sh settings defined at the failure model level are ignored. If the P_thicklfail_i parameters per ply are not defined, the element failure settings defined in the local failure models are applied to the corresponding layer. The P_thickfail parameter must be defined in the property otherwise the default value is used.