Shear - XZ

The XZ shear is orthogonal to the XY shear described in the previous section. The forces and moments causing the shear can be seen in Figure 1.

Figure 1. XZ Shear Forces and Moments

Where,

$u_z=u_{z2}-u_{z1}+l\left(\frac{{\theta }_{y2}+{\theta }_{y1}}{2}\right)$

$f_z\left(u_z\right)$ is the function defining the force-displacement relationship.