RD-V: 0530 Wave Propagation

A sinusoidal imposed displacement is applied to a hollow sphere to study wave propagation.



Figure 1. Displacement Contour of Wave Propagation

Wave propagation is studied by applying a sinusoidal imposed displacement to the inside of a hollow sphere. The max displacement of an inner and outer node is used to calculate the speed of sound in the material.

Options and Keywords Used

  • Pressure load (/IMPDISP)
  • Wave propagation in a solid material

Input Files

The input file used in this verification problem includes:

<install_directory>/hwsolvers/demos/radioss/verification/blast/0530_wave_propagation/

Model Description

Units: mm, s, Mg

A hollow sphere with an inner radius of 25.4 mm and an outer radius of 254 mm is modeled using 1/8th symmetry. The sphere was hex mapped meshed from the inside to the outside. To simulate symmetry, the x, y, and z faces are constrained in their respective directions. A radial sinusoidal imposed displacement is applied to the inner nodes of the sphere. The sine wave period is 1.0E-5 s with an amplitude of 1 mm. After 1.0E-5 seconds, the displacement is fixed at zero. The end simulation time is 5.0E-5 s. Local /SKEW coordinate systems are used to define the radial direction of the imposed displacement. Steel material properties are used in the model. Due to the short time duration of the simulation, the /DTIX option is used to define a smaller timestep, which results in more simulation cycles. For better accuracy, the function that represents the sine curve is defined with 1002 points.

Results

The analytical solution for the speed of sound in a material is calculated using the following formula. 1(1) c = E ( 1 − ν ) ρ ( 1 + ν ) ( 1 − 2 ν ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4yaiabg2 da9maakaaabaWaaSaaaeaacaWGfbWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaeyOeI0Ia eqyVd4gacaGLOaGaayzkaaaabaGaeqyWdi3aaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaey 4kaSIaeqyVd4gacaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaeyOeI0Ia aGOmaiabe27aUbGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaaaSqabaaaaa@4A06@
Where,
E MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyraaaa@36C1@
Modulus of elasticity
ρ
Density
ν MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyVd4gaaa@37AF@
Poisson's ratio
To calculate the speed of sound from the simulation, the time difference between the maximum displacement of the outer (node 9520) and inner (node 1) and nodes along the X-axis was divided by the original distance between the nodes two nodes which was 228.6 mm. A plot of the node displacement is shown in Figure 2.


Figure 2. X Node Displacement

The calculated velocity from the simulation is 5.582 km/s compared to the analytical result of 5.79 km/s. This results in a numerical error of 3.59%.

Conclusion

The numerical error calculated for the speed of sound is small and could be reduced further by refining the mesh.

1 Buechler, Miles, Amanda McCarty, Derek Reding, and R. D. Maupin. "Explicit finite element code verification problems." In 22nd SEM International Modal Analysis Conference, Dearborn, MI. 2004