Metal Forming Power Law
The generalized power law used in HyperXtrude is given by the following expression.
![](../../../images/figures/extrude/eq_metal_forming_power_1.png)
![](../../../images/figures/extrude/eq_metal_forming_power_2.png)
Depending on the choice for the variable Temperature Dependence, four different variants of the PowerLaw model can be obtained. Valid entries for the variable TemperatureDependence can be None, Coefficients, Exp(Q/RT), or Exp(-Beta(DeltaT)). Syntax for PowerLaw model with temperature dependence None is given below.
Workpiece | Aluminum | { |
ConstitutveModel = | "PowerLaw" | |
Density = | ρ | |
SpecificHeat = | Cp (T) | |
COnductivity = | K (T) | |
CoeffOfThermalExpansion = | βT | |
VolumetricHeatSource = | Qvol | |
Amplitude = | C | |
ConstantY = | Y | |
StrainRateHardeningExponent = | m | |
StainHardeningExponent = | n | |
Reference Temperature = | T0 | |
Solidus Temperature = | Ts | |
LiquidusTemeprature = | T1 | |
TemperatureDependence = | "None" | |
StrainOffset = | ε1 | |
StrainRateOffset = | ε2 | |
YoungModulus = | E | |
PoissonRatio = | ν } |
Valid Data for Temperature Dependence
Field | Description |
---|---|
None | Even for the case where there is no temperature dependence, a reference temperature should be specified. In this case, the properties are computed at this temperature. |
Coefficients | With this option, the parameters Amplitude and ConstantY can depend on temperature and you can specify them using a TABLE or FUNCTION. The only difference between the Coefficients and None is that properties are constant in the case on None. |
Exp(Q/RT) | In this case, in addition to ReferenceTemperature (T0), two other parameters, ActivationEnergy (Q) and UniversalGasConstant (R), are needed by the model. The following two lines should be added to the syntax. |
Exp(-Beta (DeltaT)) |
In this case, in addition to ReferenceTemperature (T), parameters, Beta (beta) is needed by the model. The following line should be added to the original syntax. Beta = β |