Subtraction
The table below describes the Subtraction operator.
| - | Scalar | Row Vector | Column Vector | Matrix |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scalar | Subtracts the second scalar value from the first scalar value. | Subtracts each element in the row vector from the scalar. The resulting vector is the same size as the original vector. | Subtracts each element in the column vector from the scalar. The resulting vector is the same size as the original vector. | Subtracts each element in the matrix from the scalar. The resulting vector is the same size as the original matrix. |
| Row Vector | Subtracts the scalar from each element in the row vector. The resulting vector is the same size as the original vector. | Requires vectors to be the same size. Subtracts each element in operand 2 from the corresponding element in operand 1. The resulting vector is the same size as the original vectors. | Each row/column vector is implicitly replicated until the two arguments have the same dimensions. Regular matrix subtraction is then performed. | The row vector is implicitly replicated until the two arguments have the same number of rows. Regular matrix subtraction is then performed. |
| Column Vector | Subtracts the scalar from each element in the column vector. The resulting vector is the same size as the original vector. | Each row/column vector is implicitly replicated until the two arguments have the same dimensions. Regular matrix subtraction is then performed. | Requires vectors to be the same size. Subtracts each element in operand 2 from the corresponding element in operand 1. The resulting vector is the same size as the original vectors. | The column vector is implicitly replicated until the two arguments have the same number of columns. Regular matrix subtraction is then performed. |
| Matrix | Subtracts the scalar from each element in the matrix. The resulting vector is the same size as the original matrix. | The row vector is implicitly replicated until the two arguments have the same number of rows. Regular matrix subtraction is then performed. | The column vector is implicitly replicated until the two arguments have the same number of columns. Regular matrix subtraction is then performed. | Requires matrices to be the same size. Subtracts each element in operand 1 from the corresponding element in operand 2. The resulting vector is the same size as the original matrices. |
Examples
2 - 3
ans = -1
[4 2 1] – 3
ans = [1 -1 -2]
[4 2 1] - [5 3 2]
ans = [-1 -1 -1]Invalid examples:
[3 6 5] – [4 3; 6 5]Comments
Sparse matrices are supported for this operation. The difference of two sparse matrices will also be sparse. A difference involving a sparse matrix and a full matrix will produce a full matrix.
The implicit replication of a vector to fill other dimensions is a generalization of operating on a scalar/vector pair. This capability is not yet available for multidimensional and sparse matrices.